UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 001-36075

EVOKE PHARMA, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (858) 345-1494

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer, ” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of May 10, 2023, the registrant had 3,343,070 shares of common stock outstanding.

Evoke pharma, inc.

Form 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

Evoke Pharma, Inc.

Condensed Balance Sheets

See accompanying notes to these unaudited condensed financial statements.

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Evoke Pharma, Inc.

Condensed Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to these unaudited condensed financial statements.

2

Evoke Pharma, Inc.

Condensed Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to these unaudited condensed financial statements.

3

Evoke Pharma, Inc.

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to these unaudited condensed financial statements.

4

Evoke Pharma, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and accompanying notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the financial statements and accompanying notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 and the related Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, both of which are contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, on March 21, 2023. Past operating results are not necessarily indicative of results that may occur in future periods.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, business strategy, commercial activities to be conducted by Eversana Life Science Services, LLC, or Eversana, the pricing and reimbursement for Gimoti, future regulatory developments, research and development costs, the timing and likelihood of commercial success, the potential to develop future product candidates, plans and objectives of management for future operations, future results of current and anticipated products, are forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statement. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “could,” “intend,” “target,” “project,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. Although we believe the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, such statements are inherently subject to risk and we can give no assurances that our expectations will prove to be correct. Given these risks, uncertainties and other factors, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q completely. As a result of many factors, including without limitation those set forth under “Risk Factors” under Item 1A of Part II below, and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. Except as required by applicable law, we undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this report or to reflect actual outcomes. For all forward-looking statements, we claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

We use our registered trademark, EVOKE PHARMA, and other trademarks, including GIMOTI, in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q also includes trademarks, tradenames and service marks that are the property of other organizations. Solely for convenience, trademarks and tradenames referred to in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q appear without the ® and ™ symbols, but those references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or that the applicable owner will not assert its rights, to these trademarks and tradenames.

Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “Evoke,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Evoke Pharma, Inc.

Overview

We are a specialty pharmaceutical company focused primarily on the development and commercialization of drugs to treat gastrointestinal, or GI, disorders and diseases. Since our inception, we have devoted our efforts to developing our sole product, Gimoti (metoclopramide) nasal spray, the first and only nasally-administered product indicated for the relief of symptoms in adults with acute and recurrent diabetic gastroparesis. In June 2020, we received approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, for our 505(b)(2) New Drug Application, or NDA, for Gimoti. We launched commercial sales of Gimoti in the United States in October 2020 through our commercial partner Eversana.

Diabetic gastroparesis is a GI disorder affecting millions of patients worldwide, in which food in an individual’s stomach takes too long to empty resulting in a variety of serious GI symptoms and systemic metabolic complications. The gastric delay caused by gastroparesis can compromise absorption of orally administered medications.

In January 2020, we entered into a commercial services agreement with Eversana, or the Eversana Agreement, for the commercialization of Gimoti. Pursuant to the Eversana Agreement, Eversana commercializes and distributes Gimoti in the United States. Eversana also manages the marketing of Gimoti to targeted health care providers, as well as the sales and distribution of Gimoti in the United States. Eversana also provided a $5 million revolving credit facility, or the Eversana Credit Facility, that became available upon FDA approval of the Gimoti NDA. In 2020 we borrowed $5 million under the Eversana Credit Facility. On February 1, 2022, the Eversana Agreement was amended to extend the term from June 19, 2025 (five years from the date the FDA approved the Gimoti NDA) to December 31, 2026, unless terminated earlier pursuant to its terms. This amendment also increased the percentage of net product profit retained by us and increased the proportion of costs that are reimbursed to Eversana to the extent Eversana has accumulated unreimbursed costs. We further amended the Eversana Agreement in November 2022 to provide the preexisting rights of

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both parties to terminate the agreement within 30 days of the first three annual anniversaries of commercial launch, if net sales of Gimoti did not meet certain annual thresholds, would be modified solely for 2022 such that either party can terminate the agreement by written notice to the other party by November 30, 2022. If Eversana terminates the agreement due to not meeting certain financial thresholds, none of the unreimbursed commercialization costs incurred by Eversana will become due from the Company.

We have primarily funded our operations through the sale of our convertible preferred stock prior to our initial public offering in September 2013, borrowings from loans and the sale of shares of our common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market. We launched commercial sales of Gimoti in late October 2020 with Eversana and, to date, have generated modest sales.

We have incurred losses in each year since our inception. These operating losses resulted from expenses incurred in connection with advancing Gimoti through development activities, pre-commercial and commercialization activities, and other general and administrative costs associated with our operations. We expect to continue to incur operating losses until revenues from sales of Gimoti exceed our expenses, if ever. We may never become profitable, or if we do, we may not be able to sustain profitability on a recurring basis.

As of March 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $8.2 million. Current cash on hand is intended to fund commercialization activities for Gimoti, including manufacturing Gimoti, conducting the post-marketing commitment single dose pharmacokinetics, or PK, clinical trial of Gimoti to characterize dose proportionality of a lower dose strength of Gimoti and any additional development activities should we seek additional indications, protecting our intellectual property portfolio and for other general and administrative costs to support our operations. Our operations have consumed substantial amounts of cash since inception. We believe, based on our current operating plan, that our existing cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2023, as well as cash flows from future net sales of Gimoti, will be sufficient to fund our operations into the fourth quarter of 2023. This period could be shortened if there are any significant increases in planned spending other than anticipated. We anticipate that we will be required to raise additional funds in order to continue as a going concern. Because our business is entirely dependent on the success of Gimoti, if we are unable to secure additional financing or identify and execute on other development or strategic alternatives for Gimoti or our company, we will be required to curtail all of our activities and may be required to liquidate, dissolve or otherwise wind down our operations. Any of these events could result in a complete loss of your investment in our securities.

Technology Acquisition Agreement

In June 2007, we acquired all worldwide rights, data, patents and other related assets associated with Gimoti from Questcor Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or Questcor, pursuant to an asset purchase agreement. We paid Questcor $650,000 in the form of an upfront payment and $500,000 in May 2014 as a milestone payment based upon the initiation of the first patient dosing in our Phase 3 clinical trial for Gimoti. In August 2014, Mallinckrodt, plc, or Mallinckrodt, acquired Questcor. As a result of that acquisition, Questcor transferred its rights included in the asset purchase agreement with us to Mallinckrodt. In March 2018, we and Mallinckrodt amended the asset purchase agreement to defer development and approval milestone payments, such that rather than paying two milestone payments based on FDA acceptance for review of the NDA and final product marketing approval, we would be required to make a single $5 million payment on the one-year anniversary after we receive FDA approval to market Gimoti. At the time of the Gimoti NDA approval by FDA, we recorded the $5 million payable owed to Mallinckrodt with a due date of June 19, 2021, along with a $5 million research and development expense. The $5 million milestone payment was paid in July 2021. We were required to pay to Mallinckrodt a low single digit royalty percentage on net sales of Gimoti. Our obligation to pay such royalties and milestones terminated due to the expiration of the last patent right covering Gimoti transferred under the asset purchase agreement.

Financial Operations Overview

Revenue Recognition

Our ability to generate revenue and become profitable depends on our ability to successfully commercialize Gimoti, which we launched in the United States through prescription in October 2020 through our commercial partner Eversana. If we or Eversana fail to successfully grow sales of Gimoti, we may never generate significant revenues and our results of operations and financial position will be adversely affected.

In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, we recognize revenue when a customer obtains control of promised goods in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for the goods provided. Customer control is determined upon the customer’s physical receipt of the product. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements within the scope of ASC 606, we perform the following five steps: identify the contracts with the customer; identify the performance obligations in the contract; determine the transaction price; allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and recognize revenue when (or as) it satisfies a performance obligation. At contract inception, we assess the goods promised within each contract and determine those that are performance obligations and assess whether each promised good is distinct. We then recognize as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when the customer obtains control of the product.

Product revenues are recorded net of sales-related adjustments, wherever applicable, including patient support programs, rebates, and other sales related discounts. The Company uses judgement to estimate variable consideration. The Company is subject to rebates

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under Medicaid and Medicare programs. The rebates for these programs are determined based on statutory provisions. The Company estimates Medicaid and Medicare rebates based on the expected number of claims and related cost associated with the customer transaction.

The Company also makes estimates about co-payment assistance to commercially insured patients meeting certain eligibility requirements, as well as to uninsured patients. Co-payment assistance is recorded as an offset to gross revenue at the time revenue from the product sale is recognized based on expected and actual program participation.

Co-pay liabilities are estimated using prescribing data available from customers. Actual amounts of consideration ultimately received may differ from our estimates. If actual results in the future vary from estimates, we will adjust these estimates, which would affect net product revenue and earnings in the period such variances become known. Liabilities for Medicare and Medicaid rebates, as well as co-pay assistance, are classified as accounts payable and accrued expenses in the balance sheets.

Sales of Gimoti Metrics

Gimoti prescription revenues continue to increase on several metrics. Net product sales during the first quarter of 2023 were approximately $810,000 compared to net product sales of approximately $796,000 during the fourth quarter of 2022, an increase of approximately 2%. In February 2022, we began work with vitaCare Prescription Services, or vitaCare, as the prescription intake system used for Gimoti. vitaCare is a technology and services platform that helps physicians electronically prescribe Gimoti and helps patients navigate key access and adherence barriers for brand medications. Specifically, vitaCare helps patients understand coverage and identify available savings opportunities, and facilitates communications between providers and payors. The platform also offers a seamless path for filling a prescription. In April 2022, GoodRx announced the completion of an acquisition of vitaCare.

There were approximately 1,081 new inbound prescriptions into the vitaCare reimbursement center during the quarter ended March 31, 2023, a 22% increase compared to the prior quarter. Patients that have an opportunity to refill the product (that is, patients who have completed their current supply and have additional refills on their prescription) received a refill approximately 68% of the time since the launch of Gimoti through March 31, 2023. We believe some patients choose not to refill their prescriptions due to remission of symptoms. Cumulatively, new prescribers increased 17% during the first quarter.

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The vitaCare team accesses the Medicare and Medicaid systems to facilitate product reimbursement submission for patients seeking treatment. For the quarter ended March 31, 2023, these government programs made up approximately 33% of the filled prescriptions for Gimoti. From the commercial launch of Gimoti through March 31, 2023, the majority of patients have been between the ages of 31-65 years old. The vast majority of patients are female and were being treated by a gastroenterologist.

The feedback from the sales organization continues to be positive with regard to physician interest. Although face to face visits by sales team members are more commonplace than during the COVID-19 pandemic, there are offices that continue to not allow face to face meetings apart from designated meeting times. However, when meetings with gastroenterology teams do occur, they generally generate prescriptions and fills. Furthermore, we have detected a pattern within larger gastroenterology teams that the first physician adopting the use of Gimoti has led other physicians within the same practice to begin prescribing Gimoti as well.

Research and Development Expenses

We expense all research and development expenses as they are incurred. Research and development expenses primarily include:

All of our research and development expenses to date have been incurred in connection with the development of Gimoti. Since FDA approval of Gimoti in June 2020, research and development costs have decreased and shifted to commercialization and selling costs. In

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2021, we initiated planning, and are in discussion with FDA related to the design, for an FDA post-marketing commitment single dose PK clinical trial of Gimoti to characterize dose proportionality of a lower dose strength of Gimoti to accommodate patients that may require further dosage adjustments. We are unable to estimate with any certainty the costs we will incur related to this trial, or the regulatory review of such lower dose of Gimoti, though such costs may be significant and will substantially increase research and development expenses once this trial is initiated. We may also incur additional costs to the extent we pursue additional clinical trials to expand the indication of Gimoti. Clinical development timelines, the probability of success and development costs can differ materially from expectations.

The costs of clinical trials may vary significantly over the life of a project owing to, but not limited to, the following:

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related benefits, including stock-based compensation. Other selling, general and administrative expenses include professional fees for accounting, tax, patent costs, legal services, insurance, facility costs and costs associated with being a publicly-traded company, including fees associated with investor relations and directors and officers liability insurance premiums. We expect that selling, general and administrative expenses will increase in the future as we continue to progress with the commercialization of Gimoti and we reimburse Eversana from the net profits attained from the sales of Gimoti.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates

Our management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which we have prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported expenses during the reporting periods. We evaluate these estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our actual results may differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

There have been no new or significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates discussed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 21, 2023.

Results of Operations

Comparison of Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

The following table summarizes the results of our operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:

Net Product Sales. Net product sales for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased by approximately $392,000. The increase in sales was primarily driven by increased promotional activities of the Eversana sales force and prescription management through vitaCare during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

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Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased by approximately $25,000. During 2023 and 2022, we incurred expenses for ongoing stability testing of batches of Gimoti manufactured prior to receipt of FDA approval of the Gimoti NDA in June 2020.

Costs incurred during the three months ended March 31, 2023 included approximately $55,000 related to stability testing and approximately $12,000 for wages, taxes and employee insurance, including approximately $3,000 of stock-based compensation expense. Costs incurred during the three months ended March 31, 2022 included approximately $35,000 related to stability testing and $7,000 for wages, taxes and employee insurance, including approximately $2,000 of stock-based compensation expense.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased by approximately $443,000. Costs incurred during the three months ended March 31, 2023 primarily included approximately $1.0 million for wages, taxes and employee insurance, including approximately $282,000 of stock-based compensation expense, approximately $931,000 for marketing and Eversana profit sharing, approximately $745,000 for legal, accounting, directors and officers liability insurance and other costs associated with being a public company, and approximately $47,000 for facility-related expenses. Costs incurred during the three months ended March 31, 2022 primarily included approximately $1.1 million for wages, taxes and employee insurance, including approximately $379,000 of stock-based compensation expense, approximately $565,000 for marketing, royalties and Eversana profit sharing, and approximately $672,000 for legal, accounting, directors and officers liability insurance and other costs associated with being a public company.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

In November 2017, we filed a shelf registration statement with the SEC on Form S-3. The shelf registration statement included a prospectus for the at-the-market offering to sell up to an aggregate of $16.0 million of shares of our common stock through B. Riley FBR, Inc., or FBR, as a sales agent, or FBR Sales Agreement. Effective January 6, 2021, we terminated the FBR Sales Agreement. As a result, there were no shares sold under the FBR Sales Agreement during 2021.

In December 2020, we filed a new shelf registration statement with the SEC on Form S-3, or the replacement shelf registration statement. The replacement shelf registration statement replaced the registration statement on Form S-3 we originally filed with the SEC in November 2017, which registration statement expired in December 2020. The replacement shelf registration was declared effective by the SEC on January 6, 2021. In December 2020, we also entered into the ATM Sales Agreement with FBR and H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC, or the Sales Agents, pursuant to which we may sell from time to time, at our option, up to an aggregate of $30 million worth of shares of our common stock through the Sales Agents. The ATM Sales Agreement provides, among other things, that sales under the ATM Sales Agreement will be made pursuant to the registration statement, including the base prospectus filed as part of such registration statement. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, we sold 21,783 shares of common stock at a weighted-average price per share of $8.04 pursuant to the ATM Sales Agreement and received proceeds of approximately $172,000, net of commissions and fees. No shares were sold under the ATM Sales Agreement in the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Under current SEC regulations, if at the time we file our Annual Report on Form 10-K our public float is less than $75 million, and for so long as our public float remains less than $75 million, the amount we can raise through primary public offerings of securities in any twelve-month period using shelf registration statements is limited to an aggregate of one-third of our public float, which is referred to as the baby shelf rules.

At the time we filed our Annual Report on Form 10-K on March 21, 2023, our public float was less than $75 million. As a result of our public float being below $75 million, we will be limited by the baby shelf rules until such time as our public float exceeds $75 million, which means we only have the capacity to sell shares up to one-third of our public float under shelf registration statements in any twelve-month period. If our public float decreases, the amount of securities we may sell under our Form S-3 shelf registration statement will also decrease. We will remain constrained by the baby shelf rules under our Form S-3 shelf registration statement until such time as our public float exceeds $75 million, at which time the number of securities we may sell under a Form S-3 registration statement will no longer be limited by the baby shelf rules. SEC regulations permit us to use the highest closing sales price of our common stock (or the average of the last bid and last ask prices of our common stock) on any day within 60 days of sales under the shelf registration statement.

Future sales under the ATM Sales Agreement will depend on a variety of factors including, but not limited to, market conditions, the trading price of our common stock and our capital needs. There can be no assurance that the Sales Agents will be successful in consummating future sales based on prevailing market conditions or in the quantities or at the prices that we deem appropriate.

In addition, we will not be able to make future sales of common stock pursuant to the ATM Sales Agreement unless certain conditions are met, which include the accuracy of representations and warranties made to the Sales Agents under the ATM Sales Agreement. Furthermore, each of the Sales Agents is permitted to terminate the ATM Sales Agreement with respect to itself in its sole discretion upon ten days’ notice, or at any time in certain circumstances, including the occurrence of an event that would be reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our assets, business, operations, earnings, properties, condition (financial or otherwise), prospects, stockholders’ equity or results of operations. We have no obligation to sell the shares available for sale pursuant to the ATM Sales Agreement.

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In connection with the Eversana Agreement, we entered into the Eversana Credit Facility, pursuant to which Eversana agreed to provide a revolving credit facility of up to $5 million to us upon FDA approval of the Gimoti NDA, as well as certain other customary conditions. The Eversana Credit Facility terminates on December 31, 2026, unless terminated earlier pursuant to its terms. The Eversana Credit Facility is secured by all of our personal property other than our intellectual property. Under the terms of the Eversana Credit Facility, we cannot grant an interest in our intellectual property to any other person. Each loan under the Eversana Credit Facility will bear interest at an annual rate equal to 10.0%, with such interest due at the end of the loan term. In 2020 we borrowed $5 million from the Eversana Credit Facility.

Management concluded that there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. This doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for at least twelve months from the date of issuance of the financial statements could materially limit our ability to raise additional funds through the issuance of new debt or equity securities or otherwise. Future reports by our independent registered accounting firm on our financial statements may also include an explanatory paragraph with respect to our ability to continue as a going concern. We have incurred significant losses since our inception and have never been profitable, and it is possible we will never achieve profitability. We believe, based on our current operating plan, that our cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2023 of approximately $8.2 million, as well as future cash flows from net sales of Gimoti, will be sufficient to fund our operations into the fourth quarter of 2023. This period could be shortened if there are any significant increases in planned spending other than anticipated. We anticipate we will be required to raise additional funds in order to continue as a going concern. Because our business is entirely dependent on the success of Gimoti, if we are unable to secure additional financing or identify and execute on other development or strategic alternatives for Gimoti or our company, we will be required to curtail all of our activities and may be required to liquidate, dissolve or otherwise wind down our operations. Any of these events could result in a complete loss of your investment in our securities.

These estimates of cash runway could be shortened if there are any significant increases in planned spending on commercialization activities, including for marketing and manufacturing of Gimoti, and our selling, general and administrative costs to support operations. There is no assurance that other financing will be available when needed to allow us to continue as a going concern. The perception that we may not be able to continue as a going concern may cause others to choose not to deal with us due to concerns about our ability to meet our contractual obligations.

On April 27, 2022, our stockholders granted the board of directors the authority to effect a reverse stock split of our outstanding common stock. On May 23, 2022, we effected a 1-for-12 reverse stock split of the shares of our common stock, or the Reverse Stock Split. The par value and the authorized shares of the common stock were not adjusted as a result of the Reverse Stock Split. All of our issued and outstanding common stock, warrants to purchase common stock, and options to purchase common stock have been adjusted to reflect the Reverse Stock Split.

We expect to continue to incur expenses as we:

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:

Operating Activities. The primary use of our cash has been to fund our clinical research, prepare our NDA, manufacture Gimoti, prepare for and begin commercial sales of Gimoti, and other general operations. The cash used in operating activities during the three

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months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was primarily related to commercialization activities for Gimoti and other general operational activities. We expect that cash used in operating activities will increase during the remainder of 2023 due to commercialization activities, including manufacturing of Gimoti, and the planned post-marketing commitment to conduct a single dose PK clinical trial of Gimoti to characterize dose proportionality of a lower dose strength of Gimoti.

Financing Activities. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, there were no proceeds from financing activities. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, we received net proceeds of approximately $172,000 from the sale of 21,783 shares of common stock pursuant to the ATM Sales Agreement.

The amount and timing of our future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including but not limited to:

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Through March 31, 2023, we have not entered into and did not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial collaborations, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purpose.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

There were no material changes outside the ordinary course of our business during the three months ended March 31, 2023 to the information regarding our contractual obligations that was disclosed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 21, 2023.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information required by this Item.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Conclusions Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the timelines specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Business Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and in reaching a reasonable level of assurance, management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. In addition, the design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, control may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

As required by SEC Rule 13a-15(b), as of March 31, 2023, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Business Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Business Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of March 31, 2023.

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Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in management’s evaluation pursuant to Rules 13a-15(d) or 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act during the quarter ended March 31, 2023 that materially affect, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

On February 25, 2022, the Company received a letter notifying us that Teva submitted to FDA an ANDA for a generic version of Gimoti (metoclopramide hydrochloride) nasal spray eq. 15 mg base/spray that contains Paragraph IV certifications with respect to two of our patents covering Gimoti, U.S. Patent Nos. 8,334,281, expiration date May 16, 2030; and 11,020,361, expiration date December 22, 2029. These patents are listed in FDA’s list of Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations, commonly referred to as the Orange Book, for Gimoti. The certifications allege these patents are invalid or will not be infringed by the manufacture, use or sale of Teva’s metoclopramide hydrochloride nasal spray eq. 15 mg base/spray. In April 2022, we initiated litigation in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey (Civil Action No. 1:22-cv-02019), alleging that Teva infringes the patents covering Gimoti. After we initiated litigation, Teva converted to a Paragraph III certification, which prevents FDA from approving Teva’s ANDA until after the latest expiring patent expires in 2030. Consequently, the litigation against Teva was dismissed in January 2023.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the risk factors included in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 21, 2023.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

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Item 6. Exhibits

Index to Exhibits

# Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

* These certifications are being furnished solely to accompany this quarterly report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, and are not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Company, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

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